Fastening apparatus for windows.



No. 667,040. Patented Ian, '29, [90L G. B. SMITH.

FASTENING APPARATUS FOR WINDOWS.

(Application fllegi June 25, 1900.)

No Nodal.)

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GEORGE OROOKER SMITH,

OF ST. KILDA, VICTORIA.

FASTENING APPARATUS FOR WINDOWS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent N0. 667,040, dated January29, 1901.

Application filed June 25, 1900. Serial No. 21,399- (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that LGEORGE ORooKER SMITH, a subject of the Queen of GreatBritain, residing at No. 57 Odessa street, St. Kilda, in the Colony ofVictoria, have invented certain new and useful grip or fasteningapparatus for the windows and louvers of railway-carriages, tram-cars,and other vehicles, and also applicable to drawers, gates, and the like,of which the following is a specification.

This invention has been devised to provide a looking or holdingappliance which upon a slight movement of the hand by a passenger in arailway-carriage, for instance, releases the window, previously securedby my appliance, enabling such window to be adjusted or closed with aminimum of exertion, or, vice versa, by a similarly slight movement ofthe hand such window is most firmly and securely set or locked inposition at the required height.

The invention is also of considerable value as a securing device fordoors of various descriptions or for drawers in connection withcabinet-ware and may also be applied with advantage to securing gates.

In order that In yinvention may be the more easily understood, referencemay be made to the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1 shows anelevation, partly in section, of one form of my invention in positionupon a railway-carriage window, Figs. 2 and 3 being end views in alteredposition of Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a front elevation, partly in section; andFig. 5 is a plan of a portion of the lock embodying my improvements,Fig. 5 being a cross-section of Fig. 5 on the line 2 2, drawn to alarger scale. Fig. 6 shows an end elevation in section showing theposition of the lock and handle as situated in the top rail of theWindow. Fig. 7 shows a shaft with a grip-head at its end, and Fig. 7 anend view thereof, while Fig. '7 shows an altered position of shaft K inFig. 7. Fig. 8 shows a plan, partly in section, of double gripappliance. Fig. 9 shows an elevation of the back plate, while reducedin, size for convenience in arrangement of drawing. Fig. 10 shows afrontview of locking device, in which a key may be employed for preventingthe door being operated by irresponsible persons. Fig. 11 shows a doublehandle arrangement, so that position.

the lock may be operated from either outside or inside.

In the figures, T is the top rail of a railwaycarriage window, in whicha rectangular mortise T, preferably about four and a quarter inches longby one inch Wide, is made, said mortise being shown by the dotted lines.This mortise is covered by slotted metal plate A, (see Fig. 6,) and acentral longitudinal hole U is bored through U, Fig. 1, to meet themortise T, and just large enough to allow the shaft K to partly revolvefreely therein. The bored hole U is slightly increased in diameter atits outer end, so as to allow the bearing M to be provided for the shaftK. At the end of the longitudinal shaft K a small chamber S is provided,(see Figs. 1,2, and 3,) the left side of which is cut out to the depthof the groove in which the window-frame works and long enough to allowgrip L to move in.

L is a segment of a circle of metal which is screwed and brazed to theend of shaft K, forming a head which is eccentric or camshaped in sideelevation. (See Figs. 1, 2, 3, and 7.) The edge L of the segmental gripL is filed off or chamfered, so that it may not catch or abrade the sideof the groove in which it works, and I desire it to be understood that Lperforms its gripping work by its end or wide face L and not by its topface or edge. K forms the true axis for L, and the latter constitutesthe grip for holding the window in I would have it understood that I mayuse one or two shafts with segmental grips if increased strength shouldbe found to be necessary; but in practice I have found one to besufficient for all general purposes. The manner in which two grips areemployed will be hereinafter described.

On the inner face of U (see Figs. 1, 2, and 3) a cover-plate P isscrewed in position and is preferably about one-sixteenth of an inchthick and let in flush with the surface of the wood. The width of thisplate equals the depth of the groove the frame Works in, thus forming anaperture or opening on the outer side and end of the frame. This plate Pprevents any friction between L and the inside edge of thegroove,wherein the window-frame works.

A steel spiral spring N, (see Fig. 1,) consisting of about threeconvolutions, is placed around K and between the segmental gripper orhead L and the bearing M, in which K works. At the opposite end of T abow or plate spring 0 is provided, so as to always eX- ert a pressuretoward the other side of the window, and it will be seen that thepressure on such spring has a tendency to prevent any side movement ofthe window.

Referring to the front plate A, a wide vertical slot H, Fig. 4,isprovided in same,through which the shank E (see Fig. 6) of the handle Emay work, the width of the slot H being sufficient to permit of a slightside travel of the shank E when the lock is operating. E encircles theshaft D, to which it is made rigid by set-screw pin E (See Figs. 5 and6.) The construction of this shaft is shown more particularly in Figs. 4and 5. At the back of the plate A are cast lugs B and (3,

preferably of gunmetal, and both forming bearings for D. A portion ofthe shaft D is provided with a multiple-thread male screw of suitablepitch throughout its length, as shown, while the lug-bearing B has acorrespondingly-cut female multiple screw to receive the thread of D.The other portion of the shaft D is cylindrical, the opposite endrunning in the smooth lug-bearing C. The shank E of the handle Eoperates against the end of the screwthread and is rigidly fixed by thesteelset screwE ,hereinbefore referred to. F, Figs. 4 and 5, is awasher, while J is a tempered-steel spiral spring, the Whole being soarranged that the shaft D moves freely forward or backward while partlyrevolving through the lug-bearing O and the femalescrew bearing B. Atthe end of the main shaft D is shown a bifurcated portion G, throughwhich passes a steel screw at right angles thereto, this screw formingan articulationpiece with the corresponding end G of the shaft K. (SeeFigs. 4, 5, 1, and 7.)

Figs. 6 and 9 show a back plate Q, which is employed to cover themortised chamber T on the outside of the window-fran'ie. In thesefigures the apparatus comprised in the parts A and K are placed inposition, as shown in Fig. 1, and the connection made between G and G,thus forming an articulation. The wood-screws A (see Figs. 1, 2, 3, and6) are then fastened and the back of plate Q similarly fixed by itsscrew Q. The apparatus is then ready for use.

The modus operandi of my invention is as follows: The handle E is raisedslightly by the hand of the passenger, the shafts D and K move and atthe same time slightly revolve to the right, and the segmental grip orhead L takes the position shown in Fig. 2. The window can then be movedup or down to any desired position, as the segmental grip-face L is outof contact with the bottom or back of the groove in which thewindow-frame works. Upon releasingthehandlethesprings J and N cause theshafts D and K to move around to the left by the means of thescrewthread, thus bringing the concentric edge of ee7,04o

the segmental grip-head into contact with the outer edge of the groove,and the falling motion of the window causes the shafts K and D tofurther revolve in the same direction and to consequently force L into aclose grip on the bottom or back of the groove, thus creating anend-thrust grip. A glance at Fig. 3

.will explain the approximate position of L when the grip-face L is inoperation. Such position is determined by the amount of play between theframe and the sides of groove. Similarly when the grip-face L meets thebottom of the groove the how-sprin 0 becomes compressed to a flatsurface, and thus makes an additional grip on the edge of V. All themovements act synchronously, and the drop of the window during fasteningis so small as to be unimportant. Any additional weight of the top railT causes the grip-head L to travel farther, which thus gives theincreased grip on its end fiat face. The leading edge of the segmentalgrip L is filed off, so as to prevent it from bruising its side of thegroove. The portion filed away is shown by the dotted line L (see Figs.2, 3, and 7) in its endlong movement.

Fig. 7 shows the form of bolt-head K which I prefer to use incabinet-work, doors, and gate-fastenings.

Fig. 10 shows the form of front plate, in which A is the plate, and W akeyhole, t0 operate by rack and pinion the slip-bolt R, which may passover the top of E, and tints prevent the handle being raised.

Where a double grip apparatus is required, my apparatus may be arrangedin the manner shown on Fig. 8, which illustrates a plan, partly insection, of a double grip, D being the shaft with the left-hand multiplethread and D being the right-hand similar thread. The inner ends ofthese shafts are square and pass into squared holes in E, both having alimited cndlong motion therein. The washers F F and the other parts aresimilar to a single grip, hereinbefore referred to, and particularlyillustrated in Figs. 4 and 5.

Fig. 11 shows an end view of the form of handle E when the apparatus isused for doors and gates. In such figure, Y is the door or gate,presumably of about one inch in thickness. E consists of a rod having atone end a brass handle and at the other end a stem E, provided with ascrew-thread, screwed into E An aperture or slotX is cut away in thewood frame Y to permit the stem E to move sufficiently when it isdesired to operate E from the other side of the door or fence, and itwill be noticed that when E and the outer side are pulled in a directionaway from the frame Y such action will draw bolt just as though thehandle E was directly operated from inside of the door. If, however, thelocking appliance shown on Fig. 10 has been previously set with the keyat W, the bolt R will of course prevent the shank E from rising, and itwill be impossible, therefore, to open the door or gate. The front andback IIO plates A and Q are in the case of Fig. 11 preferably let inflush with the surface of the wood.

While the head or segment L is referred to herein and in the claims aseccentric, it is to be understood that it does not form an eccentricgrip in the sense that the cam-shaped edges of the head act as the grip.The actual grip is performed by the fiat end face of said head bindingagainst the bottom of the groove in which the frame is fitted; This isdue to the fact that when the handle is operated so as to turn the headfrom the position shown in Fig. 2 to the position shown in Fig. 3 thecam-shaped side of the head is projected, so as to engage the side ofthe groove of the easing in which it Works, and then any fallingmovement of the window causes the head to rotate farther in the samedirection. This rotates the rod or shaft K, and the threaded portion ofthe shaft D, working in the threaded bearing B, causes the rod K and thehead L to move outward and to bind, as described.

Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of my saidinvention and in what manner the same is to be performed, I declare thatwhat I claim is 1. A sash-fastener comprising an eccentric or cam-shapedhead secured to the outer end of a shaft or rod, means for manuallyrocking the rod and head, and means for moving said rod longitudinallyto project the head in the direction of the axis of said rod.

2. A sash-fastener comprising an eccentric or cam-shaped head secured toone end of a shaft or rod, means for manually rocking the rod and head,and means for moving said rod longitudinally to project the head in thedirection of the axis of the rod, a spring being provided for aiding thelongitudinal movement of said shaft or rod.

3. The combination with a frame such as a window, door or gate frame,said frame having a recess in its edge and said recess being open at itsend and inner side, the other side being closed, of an eccentric headmounted to rock in said recess and to move in the direction of its axis,the closed side of the recess preventing friction between said head andone side of the groove in which the frame is adapted to fit, and meansfor rocking said head and for forcibly projecting it from the recess inthe direction of its axis.

4. The combination with a frame such as a window, door or gate frame,said frame having a recess in its edge and said recess being open at itsend and inner side, the other side being closed, of an eccentric headmounted to rock in said recess and to move in the direction of its axis,the closed side of the recess preventing friction between said head andone side of the groove in which the frame is adapted to fit, means forrocking said head and for forcibly projecting it from the recess in thedirection of its axis, and means for locking the device against movementon its axis.

5. The combination with the shaft or rod K having a head at one endadapted to bind against an opposing surface, of the shaft D coupled tothe shaft K and having screwthreads, the bearing B having internalscrewthreads, a handle secured to the shaft D, and

a spring normally pressing said handle and the shafts D and K in onedirection.

6. In combination shaft as D having at one end thereof a malescrew-thread engaging with female screw-thread hearing as B and beingcylindrical and smooth and revolving in a plain parallel hearing as C atthe other end, means for operating such shaft so as to cause it topartly revolve, and spring as J the whole forming an actuating mechanismfor securing or releasing the gripping or looking appliancesubstantially as and for the purposes set forth.

7. In combination shaft as D one end of which carries means for formingan articulation with another shaft as K, a multiple screwthread mountedupon one portion of said shaft as D and corresponding multiplefemalescrew hearing as B, a slotted metal plate as A carrying thescrew-bearing B and a smooth parallel hearing as 0, means for moving Dbackward and forward in its respective bearings, a gripper or lockingshaft as K provided with a gripping device at its end substantially asand for the purposes set forth.

In testimony whereof I have signed my name to this specification in thepresence of two subscribing witnesses.

GEORGE OROCKER SMITH.

Witnesses:

A. O. SACHSE, A. HARKER.

